Stroke<\/p>\n
the definition :
\nA stroke occurs as a result of blockage or bursting of an artery in the brain. which prevents blood from reaching the brain, It is one of the most common neurological diseases, especially among the elderly.
\nSudden hemiplegia is one of the most important and clear symptoms of strokes, which should not be ignored. As you must quickly go to the nearest medical center to receive emergency treatment.<\/p>\n
Symptoms:<\/p>\n
Paralysis or lack of feeling in the areas of the face, arm and leg, Especially if it is on one side of the body.<\/p>\n
Difficulty speaking or understanding.
\nBlurry vision in one or both eyes.
\nInability to walk and loss of balance.
\nSevere headache and feeling nauseous.<\/p>\n
Factors that contribute to stroke:<\/p>\n
– Overweight.
\n– Drug and alcohol addiction.
\nDirect and indirect smoking.
\n– diabetic.
\nSickle cell disease
\nDiseases of blood vessels and heart.
\nGenetics and family history factor.<\/p>\n
treatment:<\/p>\n
The method of treatment is chosen according to the type of stroke, as there are:
\nMedication treatment: Some of them are in the first six hours of infection and are blood thinners or clot dissolvers that are given to the patient intravenously to improve blood flow and delivery to the brain.
\nSurgical intervention: This is to remove the blockage through a catheter that is inserted through the thigh, after which a device is passed that is directed to the damaged artery in the brain.<\/p>\n
Physiotherapy and rehabilitation: After dissolving the blockage or thrombosis, the patient needs a program of physical therapy and functional rehabilitation to regain his functional abilities again, such as movement, speech, feeding, and the ability to control the bladder, as these functions are often affected by brain strokes.<\/p>\n
The main component of the neurophysiotherapy program is the continuous and repeated exercise that focuses on a specific goal until its function is restored, based on a set of exercises, namely:
\nMotor skill exercises: These exercises aim to strengthen the muscles and re-coordinate the movements of these muscles. Studies have proven the importance of these exercises in preventing the transfer of stroke damage that affected certain areas to other areas that were not affected in the beginning. Where motor exercises rewire the circuits of the brain and stimulate them with a process known as plasticity of the brain (Neuroplasticity).<\/p>\n
Movement recovery training: It aims to restore the patient’s ability to walk by using auxiliary tools such as a brace and a wheelchair at first until he regains normal walking on his own.<\/p>\n
Force therapy: Where the healthy limbs are tied up and the affected limb is exercised in movement to strengthen its motor functions.<\/p>\n
Range of motion therapy: Exercising certain muscles and tissues to get rid of the spasm and thus restore the organ’s full range of motion.<\/p>\n
Functional electrical stimulation: Where weak muscles are stimulated using electrical devices, which leads to their contraction and thus muscle rehabilitation.<\/p>\n
Virtual reality therapy: This is done by playing some video games that simulate reality and push the patient to interact with them, and thus the interaction of the affected muscles.
\nActivity monitor therapy: Which helps increase muscle and tissue activity after a stroke.<\/p>\n
hemiplegia<\/p>\n
the definition
\nThe term hemiplegia refers to complete paralysis of one half of the body. This includes the face, hand and leg on the same side of the body. Sometimes the brain is not completely injured; So the paralysis of the body is partial.<\/p>\n
symptoms
\nMuscle spasm and stiffness
\nInability to control when trying to hold things
\nImbalance and gait disturbances
\nMemory disorders and difficulty concentrating<\/p>\n
The most important causes of hemiplegia:<\/p>\n
– brain attack
\n– Brain inflammation
\nAccident or sudden blow to the brain
\n– DNA
\nBrain tumors<\/p>\n
treatment<\/p>\n
The paralysis of the body leads to the relaxation of the affected half, which leads to injury to the muscles and ligaments in the affected part. After the relaxation phase, the situation develops in the following weeks into nervous tension. Therefore, a physiotherapist must intervene quickly after the condition has stabilized and the cause of paraplegia is treated. This is a strategy based on several points:
\n– Therapeutic exercises such as free exercises
\nWalking exercises between two parallel bars in front of a mirror
\n– Hydrotherapy that enhances the patient’s movement based on the laws of buoyancy.
\nFunctional electrical stimulation: Where weak muscles are stimulated using electrical devices, which leads to their contraction and thus muscle rehabilitation.
\n– Cold and heat therapy to treat muscle tension.<\/p>\n
Trigeminal neuralgia
\nthe definition
\nSevere bouts of pain affecting the face, similar to an electric shock. It comes in the form of seizures and is often caused by some stimulus such as very cold air, brushing teeth and eating certain foods.
\nsymptoms
\nSevere pain, such as tingling of electricity in the face, that lasts for several seconds.
\nSometimes the pain progresses to cramping.
\n– Pain that appears on one side of the face and rarely appears on both sides.<\/p>\n
Causes of trigeminal neuralgia<\/p>\n
Damage to the myelin sheath due to the presence of a blood vessel pressing on it, which leads to irritation of the nerve.
\nDiseases such as multiple sclerosis
\nTumors that put pressure on the nerve
\n– brain attack
\n– Some accidents may lead to nerve injury.
\nSeventh nerve infection<\/p>\n
the definition<\/p>\n
Temporary paralysis of the seventh nerve as a result of inflammation of the nerve pathway, The seventh nerve is responsible for the facial muscles, and this paralysis causes the facial muscles to stop on either side.<\/p>\n
Symptoms of seventh nerve infection<\/p>\n
Inability to move half of the face
\n– Inability to close the eye
\nFalling of water when drinking from the affected side
\nTears from the eye on the affected side
\nPull the mouth in the right direction
\n– a headache<\/p>\n
Causes of seventh nerve infection.<\/p>\n
– Polyps
\nType 2 diabetes.
\n– Low body immunity due to viral infection.
\nHerpes that causes mouth ulcers may also lead to neuritis.
\n– Infectious mumps disease.
\nRubella.
\nFacial paralysis due to stroke.
\n– Smallpox.
\nFire belt.<\/p>\n
Treatment of seventh and fifth nerve infection<\/p>\n
Al-Maleh prescribes some types of medications that speed up recovery, such as steroids and antivirals. And some types of ointments and drops.<\/p>\n
Then comes the role of physiotherapy. Where the specialist evaluates the strength of the facial muscles on the affected side, Determine the necessary techniques and exercises to stop the pain and rehabilitate the muscles so that they return to their normal function. Such as:<\/p>\n
– Treating pain either using infrared rays, or short waves.
\nStimulation and electrical stimulation or laser stimulation of the muscles of the affected side to activate the nerves and muscles.
\nStimulation of the muscles through the use of ice (Ice strokes).
\n– stimulate blood circulation in the affected side of the face, using hot compresses, And then do a special facial massage in a specific way.
\nApplying some special exercises in front of the mirror to rehabilitate the muscles. And repeat it constantly.<\/p>\n
Parkinson’s disease
\nthe definition
\nIt is a disease that occurs as a result of wear or neurodegeneration, Where brain cells, especially those responsible for dopamine production, deteriorate and result in movement disorders.
\nIt should be noted that there is no cure for this disease. But there are treatments to control it and reduce its symptoms.<\/p>\n
symptoms<\/p>\n
– Shiver
\nSpeech difficulties
\nRigidity of facial expressions accompanied by drooling
\nSlow movement and walking difficulties
\nSudden braking of the movement and thus the recurrence of the fall
\nUrinary incontinence and loss of control over urination.
\nMemory loss that progresses to dementia.
\nAnxiety and depression.<\/p>\n
Causes of Parkinson’s disease<\/p>\n
Science has not reached a specific and clear cause of Parkinson’s disease, but there are factors that may increase the possibility of developing it, such as:
\nGenetics.
\nExposure to pollutants and toxins such as pesticides and weed killers.
\n– Infection of the nervous system with viral infections.
\nSome head injuries.<\/p>\n
Physiotherapy program to reduce Parkinson’s symptoms<\/p>\n
Along with surgical and medical treatments comes the role of physiotherapy, which helps the patient to control tremors and improve movement and muscle and nerve functions through a rehabilitation program based on several points:<\/p>\n
Doing some therapeutic exercises such as walking, swimming, water aerobics, or stretching exercises to improve balance and return movement better.
\n– Therapeutic massage or massage to reduce muscle and nerve tension and achieve a feeling of relaxation for the patient.
\n– Movement exercises that improve the patient’s motor abilities and restore self-confidence, and thus contribute to reducing the development of symptoms of the disease.<\/p>\n
MS multiple sclerosis<\/p>\n
the definition<\/p>\n
in multiple sclerosis, The immune system attacks the fatty substance (myelin) that covers and protects nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. It causes communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body, Eventually, the disease can cause permanent nerve damage or deterioration.<\/p>\n
symptoms<\/p>\n
Signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis vary widely. and it depends on the amount of nerve damage, And which nerves are affected. Some people with severe MS may lose the ability to walk on their own or completely. Others may go through long periods of remission without any new symptoms. Perhaps the most important general symptoms of the disease:<\/p>\n
numbness or weakness in one or more extremities that usually occurs on one side of the body at a time, or legs and torso.
\n– Electric tingling with movements in the neck, such as bending the neck forward.
\nPain and tingling all over the body.
\nTremor and imbalance in movement and gait.
\n– Double vision for a long time or partial or total loss of vision accompanied by pain in the eye when moving it.
\nGeneral weakness and feeling dizzy.
\nSpeech disorders.
\nWeakness in sexual functions.
\nWeakness in the bladder and intestines<\/p>\n
Physiotherapy program to reduce the symptoms of MS<\/p>\n
Stretching and strengthening exercises to strengthen and stimulate the muscles and maintain an appropriate amount of the patient’s motor capabilities.
\nTraining in the use of some assistive devices to enable the patient to carry out normal activities in his day.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":762,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","specialties_category":[58],"class_list":["post-897","specialties","type-specialties","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","specialties_category-physiotherapy-for-neurological-patients"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n